Ttorneys



Patented Jul-y 9, 1935l 4"llilllNr oFF-lele; i

t OVEN Y Robert H. Staniford and' Carlton .W.. Roll,`

Brooklyn, N.' Y.; assignors to ,Ma dabar, lnc.; Brooklyn, N, Y.,- a corporation of New York Application Anglistl; V1933, serial No. 685,830r

' s Claims. (Gillet-555 The presentjjnvention relatesto ovens and embjedles more peelnejallm anjirpr'oved fermier I oven; thehearth of which is ladaptedto be heated by separatehjeatf so'llll" 'le`s. More particularly, the

5 llliventl embedleserljoven having alstatlenary hearth Wit afc'oibustion chamber l beneath' the' h eath to"'s uppiy bottonifheat' thereto and seb'- aiatef c orr'l'bus tiori` chambers for supplying; 'prod-v uctsof "a combustion into the'oven above 'the' 1'()-l hearth# j Ba nef' operations `oarbe earriedou'ftjrrost ef# fee lyfjwhe'nthfe ternp'e'ratl'lre'4 Within thi'ovei i` s malntained'liuniforrnly throughout all' portions thereof: In order that a;u liform'oven'ilerripeaeA ture n'iay `befpreserved"and effectively regulated; the present/ invention 'has vbeen. designedfandan' object' thereof 1 `is to provideH an iinprolfeci-`A o velr wherein separate sources of 5 heat zarej provided' for supplyingh'eatto the* bott-omeitheeov'eniand' 2b tgtl'le top; resbe'ctive1y.^ H A ffurtherobject ofi the inventiol 's toprovide* irr pre'sent=co`ristructions; L Y I 35" 'ATurtherobject, of rthe inventioniszto provide @eel/Chewing a :top Yheat. Spur lllhlll Supplies* heat to the O Venchamber adiacenti/ he top therej rel " A "fermier" etj'eetef elle" invention is te .prende a separate and indepevderit L Figures 1- alla 2;

of? an (Wee ,door being Danville@bylneansetwlliqrr inspection of'the contentsi of the oven maybe- A further obj ect of the 'invention' is to provide an overl having' a bottomfheat chamberv beneath thejhea'rth thereof, the bottom heat'r chamber havirlfgaplurality orburners, one of which burn-V ers'f serves as `aprehe`fating meansA for' they second-A ary air supplied tothe; other of the burners.

A further objeet of the invention is to prolfi'de v ariel/'en having abottol'n heat chamber be. heath thek hearth thereofgthe bottom heat chanl bei' having a plurality" o f burners eachV having a separateseeondarv air'supply;4

Furthelobjects ofthe invention Will be readily apparenti as itisl described in connection with the. accompanying drawin'sfvvh'ereinz P" g'ure' 1 'is aQvieW in front elevation, partly broken' aWay'and irl section, showing an oven con4 structed in accordance With tlepresent inventin viezvv` irisectiofn, taken onftheflilfleA gur'e '.1, and lokirlg'iri'the direction f l iii-gere s refe: vleyvmseetion; teken on line k.ae-3

er' -Fl llre*lj; analeolzlllgln the direction' of the.

Figo e lf'lsfa 4Vdetallelj"s egetional View snowing' anfoperatingmealis for thloven door sho'tvn in' Figure' is a detailed `Vivv'in section, showing the ovedoor andhpratihg ineans of Figure 4. Referring to` theabove draWing's' the oven may 15e "formed of 'rectangular' cross section and pro- Videdfwith' suitable top insulation IU and side. inlslllatiorl H' "upon opposite sides thereof.' If

de'sired, the oven may be placed upon' supporting standards I2 in ordelithat it may be maintained ata desiredLheight, the oven chamber being defined by atop plate I Sf, sideplate'sfll backplate |531aridfHearthlli".` The front yofthe oven may be closedby a suitable doorarran'gerent which preferably isof the form shown in Figures 1 and 2`. This doorjis shown at Il and may beforn'ied of'ge plurality erlnsuletlllg sections la, hinged at I'9j" 'and`jadapted t'ofslide in' a doorway' 2G formedV lltlletop oftheoven'.' inner guides 2l and @liter` guides 2 2 serve to 'position the oven door properly Wh'eifin'a closed position and 'also serve as'g'llide traoksfor the 'door'whel it' is to' be moved to an open position;

each having` separate'iiue passes. These heat vsources `are .termed .top and bottom heat' ber 23, these burners preferably being positioned at different levels and a horizontal partition 26 being placed between the same in order that the secondary air supplied to the burners may not mingle. In this fashion, partition 26 prevents the mingling of the products of combustion from burner 24 with the secondary air which is supplied to burner 25, the partition further serving as a means for preheating the Ysecondary air supplied to the burner 25. Inasmuch as the secondary air to burner 25 is preheated, it is found, in practice, that substantially less fuel may be used by v' burner 25 to maintain the temperature of the rear portion of the hearth the same as the temperature of the front portion. The foregoing construction is of such character as to enable a uniform temperature to be lmaintained in all portions of the hearth I6.

Secondary air for the burners 24 and 25 enters through the open front portion of the combustion chamber 23 and the products of combustion pass out through an opening 23 and into a flue 21 at the rear of the combustion chamber 23. Obviously, primary air is supplied to the burners 24 and 25 in the usual fashion, it being unnecessary to illustrate the particular primary air supply for these burners herein.

Top heat is supplied to the oven from side combustion chambers 28 which 'are positioned adjacent the side walls I4, flue passes 29 being formed in the side walls I4 to permit the heated products of combustion from the top heat chambers 28 to pass into the top of the oven. Burners 30 are provided in the combustion chambers 28,'secondary air being supplied to the burners 30 either from the bottom of the chambers 28 whichmay be open, or from side ducts'3l. `After the top heat from the combustion chambers 28 piles down upon the hearth I6, .the top heat escapes from the oven'through an opening 32 in the back wall I5, flowing away 'through a flue 33. Primary air is supplied to the burners 38m the 4same fashion that it is supplied to the burners 24 and 25. In addition to serving as a source of top heat, the side combustion chambers 28 afford a source of radiant heat by means ofY which the sides ,of the interior of the oven are indirectly heated inasmuch as the top heat combustion chambers 28 are placed against the side walls I4. This top heat may be controlled effectively by the burners 30 independently of the bottom heat control afforded by the burners 24 and 25; The positioning of the top and bottom heat sources is such as to utilize, efliciently, the heatfrom all of the heat sources and enable the effective regulation there-l of to afford a uniform desired-oven temperature.

In Figures 4 and 5, a door operating `means is shown consisting of an operating shaft 34 upon which a suitable operating means such as a wheel 35 is secured. This shaft may be journaled in brackets 36, secured to the top I 3 of the oven and is'provided with sprocket wheels 31 which pass through apertures 38, formed in the top wall I3. The door sections are preferably provided with recessed grooves 39 at the ends thereof, studs 40 projecting thereinto to be engaged by the teeth of sprockets 31. In this fashion, the oven door may be effectively operated., Obviously, other door operating means may be utilized without departing from the scope of'this invention.

The foregoing construction provides an oven which may be used either singly or in multiples, the elements thereof being so designed as to enable the units to be stacked vertically or placed side by side. In case the units are to be stacked vertically, the ilues 33 and 21 should not extend above the level of the top of the oven and the secondary air supply for the top heat burners should not be obstructed by adjacent ovens. This merely requires the proper positioning of the inlets for the secondary air supply for these burners and obviously falls within the scope of an ordinary skilled mechanic.

While the invention has been described with specific reference to the construction shown in the accompanying drawings, it is not to be limited, save as defined by the appended claims.

We claim as our invention:

l. An.oven having a baking chamber formed by top, back and side Walls and a hearth, means to heat the bottom of the hearth, combustion chambers independent of the bottom heating means formed by the side walls and communicating withftlie baking chamber, and means to carry off gases from the baking chamber. I

2. An oven having a bakingchamber and a. hearth therein, means to supply bottom heat to thel hearth, a'flue behind the' oven to carry oif gases from the bottom heat supply, combustion chambers at the sides of the oven independent of the bottom heating means partially formed by the o ven side walls andhaving'apertures communicating with the baking chamber adjacent the top thereof, and a flue communicating with the baking chamber adjacent the level lof the hearth to carry off gases from above the hearth.

3. An oven Vhaving a baking'chamber and a hearth therein, a bottom heat chamber beneathY the hearth, a nue through which gases may be discharged from 'the bottom heat chamber, a burner in the bottom heat chamber adjacent the front of the oven, and a burner in the chamber lying in a plane between and spaced from the front and back of the chamber, nthe'burners being so disposed that the first burner supplies heat to theentire hearth and the second burner supplies heatk only to the portion of the hearth between the saidlast named burner and the back of the hearth-a; y ,Y i

4. Anv oven having a baking chamber and a `hearth therein,l a bottom heat chamber beneath the hearth, a flue through which gases may be discharged from the bottom heat chamber, a burner in the bottom heat chamber adjacent the front of the oven, a burner in the chamber lying in a plane between and spaced from the front and back of the chamber, and a partition between the burners, the burners and partition being so disposed that the first burner supplies heat to the entire hearth and the second burner supplies heat only to the portion of the hearth between the said last named burner and the back of the hearth. I

5. -An oven having va baking chamber and a hearth therein, a bottom heat chamber beneath the hearth open at the front of the oven, a fine at the back of the oven through which gases may be discharged from the bottom heat chamber, a burner in the bottom heat chamber adjacent the front of the oven, and a burner in the chamber adjacent the central plane thereof, the burners being so disposed that the first burner supplies heat to the entire hearth and the second burner supplies heat only tothe portion of the hearth between the said last named burner and the back of the hearth.

6. An .oven having a baking chamber and a hearth therein,'a bottom heat chamber beneath the hearth open at the front of the oven, a ilue at the back fof. the oven through which gases may be discharged from the bottom heat chamber, a burner in the bottom heat chamber adjacent the front of the oven, a burner in the chamber lying in a plane between and spaced from the front and back of the chamber, and a horizontal partition between the burners.

7. An oven having a baking chamber and a hearth therein, a bottom heat chamber beneath the hearth open at the front of the oven, a ue at the back ofthe oven through which gases may be discharged from the bottom heat chamber, a burner in the bottom heat chamber adjacent the front of the oven, a horizontal partition beneath the burner and spaced from the bottom of the bottom heat chamber, said partition extending rearwardly, and a second burner beneath the partition at the back thereof.

l 8. An oven having a baking chamber and a hearth therein, a bottomV heat chamber beneath the hearth open at the front of the oven, a flue at the back of. the oven through which gases may be discharged from the bottom heat chamber, a burner in the bottom heat chamber adjacent the front of the oven, a horizontal partition beneath the burner and spaced from the bottom of the bottom heat chamber, said partition extending rearwardly to substantially the central plane of the oven and being open above and below the partition at the front thereof, and a second burner beneath the partition at the back thereof.

ROBERT I-I. STANIFORD. CARLTON W. ROLL. 

